Abstract: Mini-Course notes presented at V EMC, Nova Friburgo (RJ), organized by IPRJ-UERJ, representing a brief introduction on the subject. Firstly, the concept and classification on inverse problems are outlined, after that some classical methods for solving these problems are described, with an emphasis on regularization techniques. In this section several examples are shown and discussed using the regularization operators. However, new techniques are also commented. Two of these new techniques are analyzed: neural network and genetic algorithm applied to inverse problems. The latter schemes are illustrated in an inverse heat conduction problem.